Disaster Management Approaches For Libraries

cataclysm Management Approaches For LibrariesAbstractThe present paper highlights the happening and its charge in general and in libraries in electronic age. The paper to a fault suggested the management methods of misadventure in libraries. Libraries be the custodian of our history, culture and civilization. They ar keeping the heritage of the nation in safe for last thousands of years. The safeguard against hazard for the libraries is very important. Safeguard should be in such(prenominal) planned ways that save the resources of program program library without any damage. In India libraries ar not concentrating on accident management due to unawargonness and paucity of finances. Libraries and reputed Information Centres should organise program on disaster management in libraries. There should be t precipitateing and shop program for library personnel as well as for library users. Library and managing authority should make necessary arrangement for the effective program o f disaster management in libraries. Disaster management program should be implemented from the initial stage (from the construction of building for any organisation).Key-Words Disaster, Disaster Management, Natural Disaster, celluloid Disaster,Disaster Management Libraries, Artificial Disaster1. IntroductionNow libraries of India transforming themselves from traditional library to modern library or we whitethorn say automated, electronic, digital, virtual or hybrid libraries. With the development of technology changes, the development of adversity also increased. Adversity or disaster may be instinctive an artificial also. Disaster and its management (Disaster Management) now becomes the burning topic in many field due to natural disaster as cyclone, tornado, earthquake, fire due to heavy rain, water discharge etc. and artificial disaster as power grid failure, network failure, fire, server fail, short -circuit etc. In libraries, authorities and libraries are not self-aggrand ising their attention for management of any kind of disaster. In India except some advance libraries, most of libraries accept no prearrangement for disaster. Libraries scram our history. Civilization and culture in books and in electronic form, if any disaster occurred they will lose valuable history, Civilization and culture.2. DisasterDisaster is an unexpected, disastrous happening carrying excessive mutilation, damage, and demise and end to life and property. The mutilation caused by disasters is incalculable and differs with the topographical location, climate and the type of the earth surface/degree of susceptibility. These effects may be mental, socio-economic, political and cultural utter of the affected area. Disaster may be men made (Artificial) and natural. Some definition of disaster as followAn occurrence causing widespread destruction and distress a catastrophe. Emergency A serious situation or occurrence that happens unexpectedly and demands immediate action1. (A merican Heritage Dictionary. 3 rd. ed., 1996)In contemporary academia, disasters are seen as the effect of hazards on vulnerable areas. Hazards that occur in areas with low vulnerability do not result in a disaster as is the case in uninhabited regions. (Quarantelli 1998)2.A disaster is a natural or man-made (or technological) hazard resulting in an event of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life, or drastic change to the environment. A disaster can be extensively defined as any tragic event stemming from events such as earthquakes, floods, catastrophic accidents, fires, or explosions. It is a phenomenon that can cause damage to life and property and destroy the economic, loving and cultural life of people.32.1 Natural DisasterA natural disaster is an implication when a natural danger touches creatures and/or the built atmosphere. The resulting damage is governed by on the capacity of the population to support or fight the disaster their resilience. This understanding is concentrated in the formulation disasters occur when hazards meet defencelessness. A natural danger will hereafter never result in a natural disaster in areas without exposure. many singularities same(p), landslides, earthquakes, eruptions, volcanic, cyclones and floods are all natural hazards that decimate thousands of people and destroy moneys of territory and goods every time. Followings are the main natural disastersEarthquakesFloodsVolcanic eruptionsCyclonesBiological agents (micro-organisms, insect or vermin infestation)Fires (wildfires)Rain2.2. Artificial (Men Made) DisasterWith the technological development the hazards also grows. Artificial disasters also can be caused by humans. Dangerous materials emergencies include chemical tumbles and groundwater pollution. Work orchestrate fires (caused by short-circuit etc.) are more common and can originate substantial property mutilation and loss of life. Communities are also defenceless to the se threats posed by fanatical groups who use abandon against both people and property.In Artificial disaster, targets may include military and civilian government facilities, international airports, high-profile landmarks and large cities. In Cyber-terrorism involves attacks against computers (server down, virus attack, hacking and unofficial addition etc.) and networks done to intimidate or pressure a government or its people for political or social objectives.3. Disaster managementIt is a discipline that includes making, holdup, and rebuilding society when natural or human-made disasters occur. In general, any Crisis management is the unceasing process by which all individuals, groups, and communities manage hazards in an thrust to avoid or perfect the impact of disasters resulting from the hazardsDisaster management can be defined as the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all human- vegetable marrowd aspects of emergencies, in part icular preparedness, response and recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters.44. Disaster in LibrariesDisaster either natural or manmade may occur in any organisation and at any place of the world. Its seriousness may be distinguished on preventive, pre-arrangement and other security methods. Now, libraries have entered in the age of electronic age but with the advent of technology in libraries, the technological (Artificial) disaster has also generated. Natural disaster like flooding, earthquake, cyclones, rain and Volcanic eruptions etc. are identical and not changed but going toward uncertainty due to global warming. Day to day man-made disaster as power cuts, network failure, cooling- heating, theft of books, network tower failure, conflict, noise, and violence may occur in libraries. Besides these, fire, sever failure, crashing of computer also are major(ip) disaster in libraries. Sometimes some misshaping may convert in major disaster in libraries.5. Disaster Manageme nt in LibrariesLibraries are our guardian or custodian of our history, culture and civilization. They are keeping these records in printed and non-printed document. Students, scholar expectation are also linked with libraries. So maintenance and security of libraries are essential from disaster etc.In this concern Indian libraries (especially government and popular libraries) frustrated us. Libraries are not so secured in this concern. Most of the libraries have not installed fire alarm system in their libraries. If installed, the maintenance of these systems is zero, only they became show peace. Libraries are also faces many day to day disaster like power-cuts (No having authors), no heating-cooling system etc. Libraries are information centre are also organising many workshop, conference and seminar of ICT but neglected the topic like disaster management in libraries5. This is ill-fated of Libraries as they are providing reading material (books, journals and encyclopaedias etc.) on disaster management to their users for research but for them, there is no such perpetual program in this concern. Funds are also a barrier in this concern as libraries not getting adequate funds for purchase books etc. and these disasters are the secondary phase for the libraries. I personally observed in many libraries that there was no such preventive equipment and measuring rod for this disaster (natural and man-made). Disaster controlling plan is a must be assimilated in preliminary planning of founding a library and information centre. Numerous minor pointers for a complete disaster management plan, which are independent of each other but are interwoven. Libraries either academic or public and authority (Government- Non-Government) should make the following provision in their libraries against disaster managementFruitful Plan Each disaster has three phases before, during and after. A variability of plans is requisite to manage with each of these phases. There should be fru itful plan for disaster management. Disaster plan must cover complete of the library and information centre including staff, readers, sources of information, equipment and infrastructure and it must be a cooperative team effort.Mirror Server/ Backup There should be arrangement of mirror server and nonchalant backup of work should be taken on regular base by the competent library staff. Data backup should not kept in library and be placed at minimum two places. A responsible staff may take this backup with them. AMC of library server and UPC may be an alternative security measure for this.Power Supply There should be one main switch of light system of library and place to place MCV- Light controller should be installed in the library to avoid short-circuit in light system.Responsibility There should be fixation of responsibilities on staff and suitable should be identified and succession should be fixed in written and verbally. Suitable senior and junior staff should be compound in disaster planning.Power-Cuts There should be installation of Solar Power System and UPS to cater the the uninterrupted power supply. Sound proof power generator may be installed for this system.Fire Fire alarm system and smoke detector should be installed in library on each level so that any type of smoke and fire is detected. The staff training is essential to handle such system and should openings for staff to be alert of what is expected of them in the event of disaster. Library should identifying imperative parts of the building, collections, allocating rescue primacies, recognizing substitute storage sites, providing satisfactory fire protection.Additional Funds Arrangement There should be an supernumerary fund arrangement to procure the preventive equipment and for making such disaster arrangement in libraries.Rain- Floods It is impartial as important to determine where the water is advent from and should to stop it at its cause as it is to cover up the books. There should be arrangement of water security out system around the library. The access of water should go in direct to down to earth.User Awareness Program There should be a user awareness program regarding the disaster management. This program may be included in user education/ orientation program of the library.Workshop/Training and Conference Time to time library and information centers should organize training and workshop program on disaster management in libraries.Disaster Management Agency Library and information centers may hire Disaster Management Agency for disaster management. Library may contract with such type of agency (Government and Private). There are many such types of agencies are available (online offline) for disaster management.6. ConclusionNow the range of disaster has increased, natural disaster is increasing due to global warming and artificial disasters (man-made) are increasing with the advent of Information Communication Technology. Pre-planning for disaster is very important as this management is inter-linked on each other. These planning should be implemented from the initial phase (from the point of construction of building of any organisation like libraries). Time to time mock drill should also implement for testing of the program. sustenance of such procedure is also very important. Government, non-government and managing authorities should also pay more attention on this issue. Government should also make such imperious policies for libraries and information regarding the implementation of disaster management.Related BibliographyAparac-Gazivoda, T. and Katalenac, D. (1993) Wounded libraries in Croatia, Zagreb Croatian Library Association. Archives, Aldershot Ashgate.Featherstone, Robin M., Lyon, Becky J, and Ruffin, Angela B. (2008).Librarians Role in Disaster Response an vocal History Project. Journal of Medical Library Association, 96,256-282.doi 10.3163/1536-5050.96.4.009.Golrick, Michael A. (2009). Disaster management Steps in the process. Retrieved fromhttp//michaelgolrick.blogspot.com/2009/03/disaster-management-plan-steps-in.html.Matthews, G. and Eden, P. (1996) Disaster management in British libraries. Project report with guidelines for library managers, London The British Library.Matthews, Graham, Eden, Paul. (1996) Disaster management training in libraries, Library Review, Vol. 45 Iss 1, pp.30 38Riedlmayer, A. (2007) Crimes of war, crimes of peace destruction of libraries during and after the Balkan wars of the 1990s, Library Trends 1 (56), 107-132.1 American Heritage Dictionary. 3 rd. ed., 1996 Houghton Mifflin 3 editions (August 20, 1992).2 Quarantelli E.L. (1998). Where We Have Been and Where We Might Go. In Quarantelli E.L. (Ed). What Is A Disaster? London Rutledge. pp146-1593 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disaster4 1International Federation of ruby-red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Disaster Management. Accessed 12-12-135 http//digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2204context=libp hilprac