Contribution Of Structural Engineers On Sustainable...

CONTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT De Jesus, James Matthew L. ABSTRACT: This is a paper on how structural engineers help in the sustainable development of a country and how they have innovated methods of sustaining structures through experimentation and site analyses. This also covers the importance of structural engineers in sustainability. A definition of sustainability and development as separate terms give the main meaning of what sustainable development is. This is incorporated with structural engineers. KEYWORDS: sustainable development; structural engineers; contribution; importance; structures 1. SUSTAINABILITY in STRUCTURES 1.1 Sustainability in Structures Figure 1. Sustainable Structures. Sustainability is a broad topic to cover. Sustainability in structures is something to consider in all stages of a project from design through to its demolition or after its life cycle. Structures are any system that resists vertical or horizontal loads. Sustainability is essentially a personal investment towards a level of performance throughout an indefinite period of time. Not only can buildings affect the environment, social and economic impacts are also made. Buildings have an effect over the course of development as well as life of the structure. Figure 1 shows a relationship between a positive environmental, economic, and social impact. When all three occur, it can be considered fully sustainable. It is important to considerShow MoreRelatedThe Factors That Influence The Design Process2593 Words   |  11 Pagesconsideration these are only a couple. As you can see, legislation does influence the design process. An appraisal of the criteria for success is completed to determine whether the building process can go ahead, this is done in the design stages of the development. The main purpose for the appraisal is to assess the feasibility, this means assessing if the build is practicable. When feasibility is completed the design process can then take off, if not completed this could postpone the process, if not theyRead MoreBenefits Of An Overseas Ngo Volunteering Organization1611 Words   |  7 Pagesinternational volunteers it has provided training to this community of scarce resources while their school is built, always under the criteria of social development and environmental sustainability. A good model of knowledge transfer, â€Å"learn by doing†, through the use of local materials. The project It is a 3 story building that uses bamboo as unique structural material. It hosts new classrooms, an administration office, bathrooms and storage on the ground floor, on the first floor a library, study roomRead MorePortugal Case Study890 Words   |  4 Pagesimpact in the Portuguese economy, generating a total contribution of EUR 30.8 billion (16.6 percent of GDP), and adding 905.000 jobs in the sector. In 2016, Portugal, a peaceful country known for its fantastic beaches, food, warm climate, and historic cities, welcomed 11.4 million foreign tourists, mainly British, Germans, Spaniards, and French. For the past few years, Portugal won several important world travel awards, which reflects the development and modernization of infrastructures and technologiesRead MoreRole Of Engineers During The Planning Process2157 Words   |  9 Pagescentre and the Ebrington redevelopment site. The bridge opened to the public in 25 June 2011. Peace Bridge won many excellence awards such as Structural Steel Design award, ICE North East Region Robert Stephenson award and the Overall planning award by the Irish Planning Institute. The government and the public have described the bridge as a sustainable infrastructure asset, which provided the basic services, and allowed the local communities and societies to function more effectively. More importantlyRead MoreEconomic Comparison of India and China Essay examples1656 Words   |  7 Pagesefficient technology. Small might be beautiful, but it also creates poverty. Huang reverses the casuality of infrastructure and growth, saying the growth comes before the roads and skyscrapers due to the elimination of agricultural subsidies and structural liberalization in the economy: China built its infrastructure after - rather than before - many years of economic growth and accumulation of financial resources. The â€Å"China miracle† happened not because it had glittering skyscrapers and modernRead MoreAttributes Of Mice And Ieng Mice Essay2494 Words   |  10 Pages PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN – TASK 2 ICE ATTRIBUTES ACHIEVEMENT ABDULLA MOHAMMED BAHZAD | CIVIL ENGINEERING | November 2016â€Æ' Attributes of MICE/IEng MICE to be demonstrated at Member Professional Review: During my childhood days, I have always enjoyed making things with Lego blocks, as I grew up I started to build slightly bigger versions of these. I really like the idea of problem solving and this is when I realised that construction is something which I would be keen to pursue it as my career.Read MoreMarina Bay Sands Case Analysis3145 Words   |  13 Pagesexample of Singapore urban planning case which is a talent and ambitious idea. An important standard to exam â€Å"success† of a city is whether it has well-organized urban planning or not (Kristiana, 2011). Thus it is undoubtedly to formulate the development of Marina Bay, the core of Singapore, with the quintessential of the method of Singapore urban planning. As one of the Marina Bay’s developmental milestones, Marina Bay Sands witnessed the process of reclaiming of Marina Bay for exploring a newRead MoreThe Design And Production Of Artifacts5691 Words   |  23 PagesMitchell 2001; Shelden and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture. 2002). Examples of the growing interest in the technological potential of innovative material usage and material innovation as a source of design generation are developments in biomaterials, mediated and responsive materials, as well as composite materials (McQuaid, Beesley et al. 2005). With the growing relevance of hybridized and mediated materialization, new frontiers of material science as a design science areRead MoreThe Impact Of Environmental Sustainability On The Architecture And Context Of City Planning, Building Design And Materials2121 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (1, 2). Figure 1-Sustainable development: the interaction of social Environmental and Economic factors (3) The purpose of the report inspired by the above statement made on the Brundtland Report, 1987, is to link the concept of environmental sustainability to architecture and in particular in the context of city planning, buildingRead MoreThe Diversity Programs And Development1749 Words   |  7 PagesDiversity programs and development, when managed well, can make or break business innovation and productivity. Micron is a technical organization on the forefront of diversity programming. We will explore this organization s reasoning for developing a strong program, highlight some key features and make the case that vigorous diversity efforts affect recruitment, retention, motivation and engagement. In 1978, Micron Technology, Inc. was founded in Boise, Idaho. Micron is the global leader in

Comparative Study of Texts - Module a (Hsc) - W; T and...

Despite the differences in context, a comparative study of the poetry of John Donne and Margaret Edson’s play, ‘W;t’, is essential for a more complete understanding of the values and ideas presented in ‘W;t’. Discuss this with close reference to both texts. When deconstructing the text ‘W;t’, by Margaret Edson, a comparative study of the poetry of John Donne is necessary for a better conceptual understanding of the values and ideas presented in Edson’s ‘W;t’. Through this comparative study, the audience is able to develop an extended understanding of the ideas surrounding death. This is achieved through the use of the semi-colon in the dramas title, ‘W;t’. Edson also uses juxtapositions and the literary device, wit, to shape and†¦show more content†¦Donne conveys how religion is a central idea through the use of many religious references throughout the holy sonnets. In ‘Death Be Not Proud’, Donne makes a religious reference to Jesus, ‘Die not, poore death, nor yet canst thou kill mee’, expressing how religion was an underlying theme when handling many issues. When the two texts are studied in alliance, it allows the responder to draw a better understanding of the themes presented in ‘W;t’. This theme, science VS religion, has been emphasised due to the contrasts between Vivian and Donne and their context. Vivian’s condescending nature is a characteristic that becomes amplified in her own flashbacks. This is shown through the quote, â€Å"So far so good, but they can only think for themselves only so long before the being to self-destruct†¦ Lost it† this shows how Vivian hides behind her wit which is a parallel drawn from herself and Donne. It shows the audience how they both try to hide from death by using wit. At the start of the drama, Edson alienates the main character through the use of a double meaning; â€Å"I’ve got less than two hours. Then: curtain†. ‘Curtain’ is symbolic of death and the use of this double meaning engages the audience, not through emotions, but objectives. The main theme explored in ‘W;t’ is life and death, and the connection between them. Vivian has dedicated her life to being a scholar of Donne’s holy sonnets and is therefore an expert on human morality, however whilst in

Powers of the Constitution Essay - 546 Words

Powers of the Constitution The national and state governments derive their respective powers from the Constitution in several ways. Some powers are explicitly stated while others are not. Understanding the various types of powers can be difficult and this essay is an attempt to clarify them. The Tenth Amendment of the Constitution states, The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. From this amendment we first learn of delegated and reserved powers. Delegated powers are those powers of the national government that are expressed or implied in the Constitution. Reserved powers, therefore, are those powers†¦show more content†¦It states, The Congress shall have power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any other department or officer thereof. The necessary and proper clause is tied closely to the supremacy clause of the Constitution. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, any thing in the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding. The principles of necessary and proper and the supremacy clause can be seen in the landmark case McCulloch v. Maryland. The Supreme Court ruled that the state of Maryland could not tax the United States national bank because the necessary and proper clause gave Congress a discretionary choice of means for implementing the granted powers. This also was the first case to establish the national government as supreme by not allowing the state of Maryland to regulate a national bank through taxation. Resulting powers a re derived by implication from the mass of delegated powers or from a group of them. Such powers include the taking of property by eminent domain for a purpose not specified in the Constitution, the power to carryShow MoreRelatedWhat Is The Power Of The Constitution1178 Words   |  5 PagesThe constitution, which was established in 1993, gives too many and strong powers to the Russian President. Sometimes, people compare Russias presidency with Charles de Gaulle in the French Fifth Republic Everyone knows about the authority and rights which Russian President has. He can issue decrees and directives that have the force of law without legislative review, but they should not contradict that document or other previous laws. The President has a power to make so many appointments of keyRead MoreThe Power Of The Athenian Constitution949 Words   |  4 Pagesowned property. The Athenian democracy followed a similar rule; to be on the Athenian senate, one had to be a male who owned prop erty and was not a slave. This trend has been seen throughout the western world in establishing democracies; the hegemonic power controls the laws of the state. But now, with technology, we are able to empower the disenfranchised and have a more equal representation. And with more holistic and comprehensive laws due to having a more equal representation of the people, whichRead MorePresidential Powers and the Constitution1372 Words   |  6 Pagesunder a written Constitution, the Framers of the United States had a vision of a republic that shared the balance of governance within a three branch system; each designed to organize a balance of power whereby Constitutional division of powers provide each branch the means to frustrate the goals favored by a single branch; in an attempt to promote interbranch cooperation. The Framers had extreme distrust in a large national government and especially in the case of executive power due to the eventsRead MoreSeparation of Powers in the Cons titution895 Words   |  4 Pages The Separation of Powers was simply created to establish a system of checks and balances so that no one particular division of the government could solely control all of our nations business. This makes is so the President does not have dictatorial control. Congress has a form of checked power so they cannot make unfair laws. The Judicial Branch is then not allowed to exceed the power that is given to them by law. It’s a system â€Å"Of the people, by the people, and for the people† allowing us asRead MoreMr. Powers Of The Constitution Essay978 Words   |  4 PagesMr. Powers was arrested and charged based on two pieces of evidence that were discovered by police during a warrantless search of his tent and toolbox. The issue at hand is whether this search and the subsequent seizure of the items in question violated the constitutional rights afforded to Mr. Powers by the Fourth Amendment, thus providing adequate legal grounds for a court to suppress the items pursuant to the exclusionary rule of evidence. Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643 (1961). A court would likelyRead MoreThe Constitution and the Separation of Powers579 Words   |  2 PagesOne of the earliest ideas of separating powers came in the 1600’s and is evidenced by the idea that the parliament then is what we would consider today as being the Legislative branch of government since it was in charge of taxes. To be a king in those days would be similar to the Executive branch, as the king conducted wars and enforced the law. However, credit is often given to Baron de Montesquieu, a French philosopher. According to the authors of our text book, John Locke initially desired thereRead MorePolice Powers And The Constitution1038 Words   |  5 Pagesissues raised in Modules 1-5 I actually found it a little difficult to directly relate any of them to my present occupation. As I mentioned in my introduction I am currently employed as a law enforcement o fficer. When we discuss police powers and the Constitution directly in relation to law enforcement the mind is naturally drawn to the amendments. I most certainly don’t stop to consider the implications of judicial qualifications and the impact of our government structure on our day to day lifeRead MorePowers Of The United States Constitution1552 Words   |  7 PagesMia Stagnitta Mrs. Tobin American Government 7 17 November 2014 Enumerated Powers The United States Constitution consists of twenty-seven expressed or enumerated powers. These powers were carefully constructed by the Framers of the Constitution in hopes that the government would remain fair in its law making ways. The Legislative Branch is comprised of the Senate and House of Representatives, commonly referred to as Congress. It known of as the law making body of the United States government withRead MoreThe And Power Of The Constitution And The Idea Of Federalism1104 Words   |  5 PagesSince the very beginnings of America, there has been debate as to the size and power of the constitution and the idea of Federalism. This debate is very much present in our modern day world and it presents challenges of its own. Some of these said challenges in the American federalist society include the breakdowns in communication, the extents, and limits of government vs state power and the shared powers of said parties. To begin we must address the issue of the communication breakdown in the UnitedRead MoreThe Australian Constitution And The Separation Of Power2193 Words   |  9 PagesAustralian Constitution is a rich amalgam of various classical political principles. The concepts of the Rule of Law and the doctrine of the Separation of Powers evident in Montesquieu’s Spirit of the Laws are both salient examples of political theses that are central to Australian Constitutional Law. The structure of the Constitution itself and decisions of the High Court of Australia unequivocally validate the entrenchment of the doctrine separation of powers in the Commonwealth Constitution . In particular

The Environment Should Be Protected Because and Only Because Human Livelihoods Depend Upon It free essay sample

The environment should be protected because and only because human livelihoods depend upon it. The essay will treat the different problems that exist, nowadays, between environment and human beings, their difficulty to coexist, and mostly the ethical issues that result from it. Introduction â€Å"There is a sufficiency in the world for man’s need but nor for man’s greed†- Mohandas K. Gandhi. This sentence is getting all its meaning since the previous decades. Nowadays, the question of environment, and its relation with human beings is one of the most central issues. Many things impact people’s life, but protecting the environment and the planet should be important to everyone all around the world. The questioning of environment was an ignored issue through time, and human beings hadn’t put this problem on top of his priorities. For many years, people have satisfied their needs, without showing any concerns or awareness about the care of our planet, the way we treat our environment is described by some, like murder. Thus, it is natural to ask ourselves if the environment should be protected because and only because human livelihoods depend upon it or the opposite, that us, humans, exist only because of our planet, and that we should do all our best to save the air we breathe, the ground we live on, the entire environment that surrounds us. First of all the study will begin by what the environment is through time, then it will show the obvious relationship between environment and human beings and its issues, and it will finish by the question of ethics about human and nature. The nature of the environment In recent years, the term environment has replaced the term nature, environment may be understood by what is surrounding us, it can be separated into living components: fauna and flora, and non-living components. Environment provides resources that ensured the well being of each species in the world, it is a real support for all the living organisms that exist on our planet. According to Raymond Williams, that is one of the most famous Britain writer and philosopher, the nature can be defined as â€Å"the material world itself, taken as including or not including human beings†, it means that nature includes everything that lives, and that human beings are fully part of nature. There are two ways of thinking, on one hand, the ecologists who focus on environment and living being relationship in general and on the other hand the ones who focus on human beings and its relation with the environment. Firstly, the traditional meaning of nature was that God created it for all the living organisms, but basically, through history, people used to think that humans had a central place in it, like a king on his realm. As times has passed, with the industrial revolution, environment has another position in the society, and nowadays, human being is the one responsible for the environment’s change. According to Michel de Montaigne, French philosopher and writer of the 16th century: â€Å" Let us a little permit Nature to take her own way; she better understand her own affairs than we. Montaigne tried to explain that nature could be by itself, and that it had always done. For decades, man gives itself the right to do everything, everywhere without any concerns for the planet. Before the creation of man, the environment was evolving by itself, and now, a new reliance emerges, the well being of the environment almost depends on man. The issue is that human nature didn’t respect what was offered to it. The relationship between environment and human beings Firstly, it is crucial to realise that humans have a unique position in nature because of the exceptional ability they have to adapt, to transform, to create. In the beginning, man could be compared to other animals; nature was the one who dictated where living beings was. Humans lived with fishing, hunting, gathering vegetables; nature was the only dominator. Through time, humans continuously evolved in their way of living, they succeeded in creating new materials; they understood what the environment could provide them. The relationship between man and nature had gradually changed, through the evolution of the agriculture, man begins to control his environment, he modified his needs, and his frequency. However, the most important redefinition of the term nature was after the industrial revolution until today, man is now able to have a total control over it. The evolving of new technologies, of new mores, and the rising of the population created a new world. Since the 20th century, and the birth of the consumer society, the relation man-nature totally changed, man doesn’t only need nature in order to survive, but he needs it to satisfy different inexistent needs. The issue of energy is almost the most important, as it was said previously, evolution and energy are two reliable term, concerning man. The most famous ones are fossil energies, for years, man has used these energies indefinitely, and this phenomenon has grown abruptly because of our society. A new reliance was created, man plundered every resource on Earth, and a new dependence was born, nowadays, nature almost needs man. Moreover, another fact has to be pointed out: the massive decrease of certain species because of man, especially the decline of fish, as it is shown in the documentary: â€Å"The end of the line† by Rupert Murray, which highlights all the problems caused by humans in the maritime world. Even if man has to satisfy his natural needs, it is obvious to say that, in the 21th century, there is a big issue, because man acts without any concern about what the environment provides The questions of ethics about the relationship: man-nature Human beings are part and parcel of nature, which is part and parcel of the universe. Nowadays, new issues comes up about environment, a lot of scientists agree that human beings succeed in creating an alarming disaster on the planet. Since few decades, man realised what happened, and the mores about environment preservation began to change, it is now a well-known fact. However, there are some real ethical questions that have emerged: who is responsible of the environment degradation? Does it have to concern every man on Earth? Was it legitimate for human beings to use what nature can offer without any awareness of the damage? As it was previously said, it is necessary to understand that man is unique compared to other living species. In the mean time, nature created every living organism, included man, thus, these ones have to give it some respect; it is the basis of the ethics. Unfortunately, the issue is the nature of men, they didn’t respect the contract, and they even abused of the environment’s creed. Human beings basically exploit nature to gratify their selfish instincts; they are ignorant of what universe had provided them. The fact is that the development of our society takes over the good preservation of our planet, when man undertakes to create new technologies, he doesn’t have any concern about the environment, because it is included in human nature. Moreover, it is difficult to satisfy everyone’s needs, and thinking about the protection of the environment at the same time, but today, human beings are facing a really new type of dimension concerning environment. At first, man deeply depended on nature, and it is the opposite in this day and age, nature deeply depends on man. What is central to highlight, it is that all flora and fauna is degrading, man destroys living life, and today, we are on the ledge of nature bankruptcy. Human beings have to be more and more implicated in the protection of Earth; it is crucial for them to save the living and non-living organisms for the reason that even if man doesn’t protect the environment for himself, he has to do it for all the species that exists in the world, and that he threatens. Conclusion â€Å"I dont understand why when we destroy something created by man we call it vandalism, but when we destroy something created by nature we call it progress† – Ed. Begley Jr. This quote really points out the fact that it is unconsciously acknowledged in humans minds that using all the resources that nature has to offer is normal and moral. The way of thinking is starting to evolve these days, because people are realizing that it’s for their own sake that the environment should be preserved. This shows all the duality of the problem, people start caring only when their own interests are at stake, and not due to the fact that it is ethical and moral to try and protect the living things around us. Ecologist have now a very powerful plea, which is that letting things going the way they are will harm us, but this means that telling people that we should protect the environment just because it is a beautiful living thing that we should try to coexist with, wouldn’t work. The consequence of people starting to care is good, but if they are doing it for the wrong reasons, selfish reasons, is that really the morality that we should adopt?